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The Indonesian Lower House has passed a draft law on relocating the national capital, marking the official announcement of the country's new main urban center after the idea was outset discussed three years ago.
It took only 42 days for the Beak to be debated and passed into law earlier this month, making it the fastest bill ever passed by the Indonesian parliament.
There was almost no opposition to its ratification, as the majority of Indonesia's parliament is controlled by the coalition parties supporting President Joko Widodo's administration.
The government says Republic of indonesia needs a new capital because Jakarta is threatened by routine flooding, heavy pollution, earthquakes, and is speedily sinking.
When will the uppercase movement to Kalimantan?
The Indonesian government and Lower House have agreed on a new capital letter city called Nusantara in East Kalimantan,a province on the isle of Kalimantan.
Information technology volition exist governed past someone who volition exist appointed directly past the president.
The police force says the transfer of the capital is to occur in the first quarter of 2024, which coincides with the end of Mr Widodo'south presidency.
Bhima Yudhistira Adhinegara, managing director of the Center of Economical and Law Studies, a Jakarta-based remember tank, said the project to relocate the capital was done too quickly for political reasons.
"Political ambition in this projection is dominant over economic rationality," he said, adding that the projection with a budget of Rp466.nine trillion ($46 billion) risks burdening state finances.
"There's an impression that it's only for the sake of the [Widodo] government's legacy."
What volition happen to Djakarta?
Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan insists the megacity of more than than 31 million will remain a key urban centre.
"Djakarta will continue to be the eye of the economic system, the centre of other sectors like culture, and remain equally the hub of the nation," he told local media.
Muhamad Eka Yudhistira was built-in in the current majuscule and is a fellow member of the Betawi community — an ethnic grouping native to the metropolis of Djakarta and its surrounding areas.
Mr Yudhistira hopes the burden on Jakarta volition ease after the relocation.
"Although the affect might not be that much considering Jakarta will remain the centre of the economic system," he said.
Mr Yudhistira, who works in hospitality, said it currently took him at least an hour to bulldoze to work each twenty-four hours, despite only being nine.v kilometres away.
"At least Jakarta's traffic and pollution bug would be a little bit improved," he said.
Merely he expressed concern that the construction of Nusantara could impact indigenous people in Kalimantan, the Indonesian name for Kalimantan.
"The authorities should really maximise the potential of the local people there, because every bit they said, development must be evenly distributed," he said.
Jakarta has been sinking at an alarming rate, a procedure known as land subsidence, with parts of the city having sunk by more than four metres since the 1970s.
Simply Elisa Sutanudjaja, head of the Rujak Centre for Urban Studies, said she was non worried near the fate of Jakarta.
"As a logistics hub, with the largest population in Java, I'1000 not too worried," she said.
"The land subsidence has actually started to slow down since 2010."
Ms Sutanudjaja said fifty-fifty if Jakarta was no longer the capital city, information technology would keep sinking since there was a lack of regulations, especially effectually edifice and development.
But she thinks moving the capital city might have a expert impact on Jakarta considering it will reduce exploitation driven past extractive development.
"Problematic projects such equally the construction of a double-decker toll road in Jakarta can also be re-considered for sustainability because the influence of the central regime will be reduced there," she said.
Past no longer being the capital metropolis of the land, Jakarta every bit a province would have the opportunity to more freely regulate its own spatial planning, which had often been at odds with the interests of the central government, she said.
"A lot of Jakarta'due south spatial planning has been violated by the central regime, for case the Senayan area in Central Jakarta, which in Jakarta'due south layout is a green zone just can be sold as a mall," she said.
According to Ms Sutanudjaja, decisions around spatial planning were made with political interests, economic interests, and the interests of the wider community in listen.
"And so far, economic interests have always won in Dki jakarta. If the spatial planners and the [local] government can't exist the decision maker, Jakarta will continue like that, regardless of its status every bit the capital letter or not."
That was why, she said, the futurity of Jakarta would depend very much on the vision of Jakarta's leaders.
Volition moving the authorities leave empty buildings?
The Ministry building of Finance has announced that the land assets in Jakarta — such as buildings owned by Republic of indonesia'due south 34 ministries and the country palace — are planned to be leased to finance the building of Nusantara.
Assets owned by the primal government in Djakarta were worth around Rp1,100 trillion ($108 billion), said Encep Sudarwan, director general of state assets at the Indonesian Ministry building of Finance.
But regime say that considering Jakarta will remain Indonesia's economic capital letter, buildings endemic by the primal regime that have previously been the workplaces of thousands of ceremonious servants would non be empty or abandoned.
"Nosotros are optimising the assets in Jakarta so that we can get funds to develop the new upper-case letter city," Mr Sudarwan told the ABC.
"We don't always have to sell them."
Is everyone happy with the plan?
Yati Dahlia has lived in the sleepy district of Sepaku, East Kalimantan since she was born there 31 years ago.
Like many locals, she is worried information technology may shortly get unrecognisable due to its proximity to the planned site of Nusantara.
Ms Dahlia said Sepaku residents "had never been consulted" about the development plan that would happen just kilometres abroad from their homes.
"This is not a forest. Many Indigenous residents live here," she said.
"Do they retrieve we're just trees here? We are humans and we wish to be humanised. [The regime] has to help united states of america starting time instead of forcing their volition.
"They never listen to us here."
Pradarma Rumpang, an environment activist and coordinator of the mining advocacy network in East Borneo, said the relocation plan would further existing environmental damage in the community, such as a critical lack of admission to h2o.
"Even in normal circumstances, the clean h2o crisis has become a problem for these regions," he said.
"This is the main problem that has e'er been there. What happens when in that location is a population nail in a brusk period of time?"
Republic of indonesia'southward Ministry of National Development Planning has projected the population of the uppercase city region will grow from 100,000 to 700,000 by 2025, and one.5 million in 2035.
Mr Rumpang also criticised the Minister of National Development Planning Suharso Monoarfa's claim that the new capital urban center would create more than than 1.iii million jobs.
Mr Rumpang said thousands of households "will be removed from their economic roots" as cultivators, hunters, farmers, as the event of this development.
The livelihoods of more than ten,000 local fishermen around the nearby urban center of Balikpapan would also potentially be impacted, he added.
Mr Rumpang warned ship traffic, conveying million tonnes of building materials as part of the industrial evolution, would boss local rivers.
Ms Dahlia, whose family are farmers, is agape development of Nusantara would strength her to give up her state.
"If they force us to surrender our country, what will nosotros accept left?" she said.
"What should we exercise for our children to survive?"
The Ministry of National Development Planning has been approached for comment.
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Source: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-01-30/what-will-happen-to-jakarta-when-indonesia-builds-a-new-capital/100784566
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